Rubén Fernández-García Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Medicina. Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almeria (España)
María Rosa Ortega Lasheras Enfermera en UCI Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario Torrecárdenas. Almeria (Spain)
Darío Salguero-García Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación. Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almeria (España)
Keywords
Redes sociales, educación, salud, salud mental, aprendizaje, cerebro
Abstract
Las redes sociales pueden predisponer al sedentarismo, porque se dispone de mucho menos tiempo para practicar ejercicio físico. Por otro lado, pueden facilitar el proceso de hiperactividad mental y atención dividida. En este sentido, si el exceso de información es demasiado alto y significativo, se puede generar una alta activación de la Red Neural por Defecto. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto modulador de las redes sociales sobre la atención dividida y el sedentarismo, El estudio fue de tipo comparativo, descriptivo y exploratorio. La muestra fueron 2405 estudiantes universitarios del grado de Fisioterapia, Educación primaria, Enfermería y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte. Se utilizaron los cuestionarios: hábitos y usos de las redes sociales entre los futuros profesionales de la educación, hiperactividad mental y conductas sedentarias en universitarios. Los índices de ajuste fueron: X2 = 7.83 con gl = 4; IFI = 0.98, CFI = 0.92; NFI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.07. Los valores presentaron un buen ajuste del modelo teórico. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0.05) en la relación causal uso de redes sociales respecto a sedentarismo (? = 0.42; p = 0,015) e hiperactividad mental (? = 0.38; p = 0.023). También se observan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la relación sedentarismo e hiperactividad mental, bajo el efecto modulador de la variable redes sociales (? = 0.29; p = 0,042). El uso de redes sociales de tipo pasivo, puede suponer un riesgo para la salud física y mental de los usuarios.
References
Andrews-Hanna, J. R., Smallwood, J. y Spreng, R. N. (2014). The default network and self-generated thought: component processes, dynamic control, and clinical relevance. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1316(1), 29-52. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12360
Brand, C., Fochesatto, C. F., Gaya, A. R., Schuch, F. B. y López-Gil, J. F. (2024). Scrolling through adolescence: unveiling the relationship of the use of social networks and its addictive behavior with psychosocial health. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 18(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-024-00805-0
Buckner, R. L., Andrews-Hanna, J. R. y Schacter, D. L. (2008). The Brain’s Default Network. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1124(1), 1-38. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1440.011
Buckner, R. L. y DiNicola, L. M. (2019). The brain’s default network: updated anatomy, physiology and evolving insights. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 20(10), 593-608. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-019-0212-7
Byrne, B. M. (2013). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315757421
Capdevila, L., Losilla, J.-M., Alfonso, C., Estrella, T. y Lalanza, J. F. (2025). Physical activity and planetary health: A scoping review. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 28(1), 56-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2024.07.012
Christoff, K., Gordon, A. M., Smallwood, J., Smith, R. y Schooler, J. W. (2009). Experience sampling during fMRI reveals default network and executive system contributions to mind wandering. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(21), 8719-8724. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900234106
Deliens, T., Deforche, B., De Bourdeaudhuij, I. y Clarys, P. (2015). Determinants of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in university students: a qualitative study using focus group discussions. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 201. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1553-4
Demirci, K., Akgönül, M. y Akpinar, A. (2015). Relationship of smartphone use severity with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4(2), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.010
Dempsey, P. C., Matthews, C. E., Dashti, S. G., Doherty, A. R., Bergouignan, A., van Roekel, E. H., et al. (2020). Sedentary Behavior and Chronic Disease: Mechanisms and Future Directions. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 17(1), 52-61. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2019-0377
Deng, M.-G., Cui, H.-T., Lan, Y.-B., Nie, J.-Q., Liang, Y.-H. y Chai, C. (2022). Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and the risk of type 2 diabetes: A two-sample Mendelian Randomization analysis in the European population. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13, 964132. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.964132
Dinger, M. K., Behrens, T. K. y Han, J. L. (2006). Validity and Reliability of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in College Students. American Journal of Health Education, 37(6), 337-343. https://doi.org/10.1080/19325037.2006.10598924
Farchakh, Y., Dagher, M., Barbar, S., Haddad, C., Akel, M., Hallit, S., et al. (2022). Association Between Problematic Social Media Use and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in a Sample of Lebanese Adults. The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders, 24(2), 21m03025. https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.21m03025
Fernández-García, R. (2021). A grandes males grandes remedios: borrón y mente nueva. Editorial: uno. Cuenca.
Fernández-García, R., Melguizo-Ibáñez, E., Zurita-Ortega, F. y Ubago-Jiménez, J. L. (2024). Development and validation of a mental hyperactivity questionnaire for the evaluation of chronic stress in higher education. BMC Psychology, 12(1), 392. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01889-1
Field, A. (2017). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics (5th ed.). SAGE Publications Ltd. https://edge.sagepub.com/field5e
Figueredo, P., Barrios, I., O’Higgins, M., Amarilla, D., Almirón-Santacruz, J., Melgarejo, O., et al. (2022). Anxiety, Addiction to Social Networks, Internet and Smartphones in Paraguayan Adolescents: A Brief Report. Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 10(1), 58-63. https://doi.org/10.2478/sjcapp-2022-0006
Gómez-Aguilar, M., Roses-Campos, S. y Farias-Batlle, P. (2012). El uso académico de las redes sociales en universitarios. Comunicar, 38, 131-138. https://doi.org/10.3916/C38-2012-03-04
Güne?, M. y Demirer, B. (2023). The effect of social media use on eating behaviors and physical activity among university students. Journal of Public Health, 33(2), 281-288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-023-02025-w
Gupta, C., Jogdand, S. y Kumar, M. (2022). Reviewing the Impact of Social Media on the Mental Health of Adolescents and Young Adults. Cureus, 14(10), e30143. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.30143
Hartnett, Y. y Cummings, E. (2024). Social media and ADHD: implications for clinical assessment and treatment. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 41(1), 132-136. https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2023.40
Herrmann, L., Barkmann, C., Bindt, C., Hohmann, S., Fahrenkrug, S. y Becker-Hebly, I. (2024). How social is social media for transgender and gender-diverse youth? Association of online social experiences with internalizing mental health problems. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(10), 3503-3516. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02396-9
Hills, A. P., Arena, R., Khunti, K., Yajnik, C. S., Jayawardena, R., Henry, C. J., et al. (2018). Epidemiology and determinants of type 2 diabetes in south Asia. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 6(12), 966-978. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30204-3
Hussain, Z., Wegmann, E., Yang, H. y Montag, C. (2020). Social Networks Use Disorder and Associations With Depression and Anxiety Symptoms: A Systematic Review of Recent Research in China. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 211. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00211
Keating, X. D., Zhou, K., Liu, X., Hodges, M., Liu, J., Guan, J., et al. (2019). Reliability and Concurrent Validity of Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ): A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(21), 4128. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214128
Kline, R. B. (2004). Beyond Significance Testing: Reforming Data Analysis Methods in Behavioral Research. Washington, DC, USA: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10693-000
Kyriazos, T. A. (2018). Applied Psychometrics: Sample Size and Sample Power Considerations in Factor Analysis (EFA, CFA) and SEM in General. Psychology, 9(8), 2207-2230. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2018.98126
Lee, E. y Kim, Y. (2019). Effect of university students’ sedentary behavior on stress, anxiety, and depression. Perspectives in Psy chiatric Care, 55(2), 164-169. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12296
León Méndez, M., Padrón, I., Fumero, A. y Marrero, R. J. (2024). Effects of internet and smartphone addiction on cognitive control in adolescents and young adults: A systematic review of fMRI studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 159, 105572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105572
Lepp, A., Barkley, J. E. y Karpinski, A. C. (2014). The relationship between cell phone use, academic performance, anxiety, and Satisfaction with Life in college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 343-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.049
Long, J., Liu, T.-Q., Liao, Y.-H., Qi, C., He, H.-Y., Chen, S.-B., et al. (2016). Prevalence and correlates of problematic smartphone use in a large random sample of Chinese undergraduates. BMC Psychiatry, 16(1), 408. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-1083-3
Lozano-Blasco, R., Mira-Aladrén, M. y Gil-Lamata, M. (2023). Redes sociales y su influencia en los jóvenes yniños: Análisis en Instagram, Twitter y YouTube. Comunicar, 74, 125-137. https://doi.org/10.3916/C74-2023-10
Technical information
Received: 2025-03-05 | Reviewed: 2025-04-10 | Accepted: 2025-04-11 | Online First: 2025-05-18 | Published: 2025-05-20
Metrics
Metrics of this article
Views: 38099
Abstract readings: 36810
PDF downloads: 1289
Full metrics of Comunicar 77
Views: 459033
Abstract readings: 446071
PDF downloads: 12962
Cited by
Cites in Web of Science
Currently there are no citations to this document
Cites in Scopus
Currently there are no citations to this document
Cites in Google Scholar
Currently there are no citations to this document
Métricas alternativas
Cómo citar
Rubén Fernández-García., María Rosa Ortega Lasheras., Darío Salguero-García. (2025). Relaciones entre el uso excesivo de las redes sociales, sedentarismo e hiperactividad mental. Comunicar, 33(81). 10.5281/zenodo.15571039