Keywords

Percepción, actitud, práctica, inteligencia artificial, formación del profesorado, práctica docente.

Abstract

Desde su lanzamiento en noviembre del 2022, el uso de la inteligencia artificial generativa (IAG) está transformando el aprendizaje, la enseñanza y la investigación universitaria en todas las diciplinas académicas. Su uso genera preocupaciones y oportunidades para estudiantes y docentes; por consiguiente, las perspectivas de los docentes en formación son esenciales para su implementación exitosa como estrategia de aprendizaje y enseñanza. El análisis contextualizado de las actitudes de los docentes en formación es fundamental para comprender y guiar la integración exitosa y ética de la IAG en la educación. Pese a su importancia, existe un vacío investigativo en República Dominicana sobre cómo los futuros docentes perciben, utilizan y valoran los chatbots de IAG en su formación y en su futura práctica profesional. Por lo tanto, este artículo persigue analizar las percepciones, las prácticas y las actitudes hacia el uso pedagógico de chatbots de IAG de docentes en formación de República Dominicana. Se realizó un estudio correlacional y transversal con 256 estudiantes de Prácticas Docentes, utilizando un instrumento previamente validado de cinco dimensiones: percepción sobre beneficios y riesgos, práctica y actitud hacia su uso en las Prácticas Docentes y en el ejercicio profesional. Los participantes conocen los beneficios y los riesgos del uso de chatbots de IAG, los usan para planificar, buscar y diseñar estrategias didácticas, y tienen una actitud positiva hacia su uso en las prácticas pedagógicas formativas y profesionales. La percepción positiva sobre los beneficios de los chatbots está vinculada con el uso de los chatbots en la práctica pedagógica y la actitud favorable hacia la IAG. En cambio, la percepción de riesgos se asocia con menor uso en la práctica y actitudes menos favorables hacia esta tecnología. Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones pedagógicas y curriculares; pueden servir de base para diseñar estrategias didácticas basadas en la IAG, identificar barreras y áreas prioritarias para la enseñar sobre la IAG y crear políticas educativas y normativas para promover su uso ético, responsable y efectivo en la formación docente en República Dominicana.

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Received: 2025-06-09 | Reviewed: 2025-07-15 | Accepted: 2025-07-16 | Online First: 2025-10-02 | Published: 2025-10-05

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Dra. Berki Yoselin Taveras-Sánchez., MSc. Rosario Figueroa Figueroa. (2025). Percepción sobre la inteligencia artificial de docentes en formación de República Dominicana. Comunicar, 33(83). 10.5281/zenodo.17217320

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